Medicaid — a joint federal and state program providing health coverage to eligible low-income adults, children, pregnant people, elderly adults, and people with disabilities.
Medicare — the federal health insurance program primarily for people 65 and older, and some younger people with disabilities.
Medicare Part D — the portion of Medicare that covers prescription drugs.
Qualified Health Plan (QHP) — an insurance plan certified to be sold on the ACA Marketplace, meeting minimum coverage and cost standards.
Subsidies — financial assistance that lowers premiums (premium tax credits) or out-of-pocket costs (cost-sharing reductions) for Marketplace plans.
Qualified Medicare Beneficiary (QMB) — a Medicaid program that helps low-income Medicare beneficiaries pay Medicare premiums and cost-sharing.
Open Enrollment — the yearly period when people can newly enroll in or change Marketplace health coverage.
Sliding Fee Scale — a pricing structure at community health centers that adjusts what a patient pays based on income.
ADAP (AIDS Drug Assistance Program) — a federally funded program that helps pay for HIV medications for eligible people who are uninsured or underinsured.
AIAP (AIDS Insurance Assistance Program) — a program that helps eligible people living with HIV pay health insurance premiums to stay continuously covered.
Medicaid Expansion — the option, created by the ACA, for states to cover adults ages 19–64 with income up to 138% of the poverty level. Adults who qualify this way are called the "expansion group" and face the most H.R. 1 changes.
Traditional Medicaid — coverage for people who qualify through a disability or SSI, pregnancy, being a parent or caretaker, or being an older adult. These enrollees are not subject to work requirements or 6-month renewals.
Work Reporting Requirements — new federal rules (starting January 1, 2027) that apply only to adults in states that expanded Medicaid. They must show 80 hours a month of work, school, training, or volunteering, or $580 a month in income, unless exempt.
Medically Frail — an exemption from work requirements for people who are blind or disabled, or who have a substance use disorder, a disabling mental disorder, or a serious or complex medical condition. Each state sets its own list and proof rules.
SSI (Supplemental Security Income) — a monthly payment for people with disabilities or older adults with very low income and assets. In most states, getting SSI means automatic Medicaid outside the expansion group.
SSDI (Social Security Disability Insurance) — a monthly benefit for people with a disability who have worked enough years. After a two-year wait, SSDI leads to Medicare, which is an exemption from work requirements.
Six-Month Renewals — starting in early 2027, adults in states that expanded Medicaid must renew coverage every 6 months. Everyone else still renews once a year.